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- <text id=94TT0113>
- <title>
- Jan. 31, 1994: After You, Hafez
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Jan. 31, 1994 California:State of Shock
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- MIDDLE EAST, Page 91
- After You, Hafez
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Israel ponders whether Syria has spoken the words to break their
- stalemate in peace negotiations
- </p>
- <p>By Marguerite Michaels--Reported by David Aikman with Clinton, Dean Fischer/Geneva and
- Robert Slater/Jerusalem
- </p>
- <p> In the Middle East peace always comes down to specific words,
- phrases that over the decades have acquired so much significance
- that for both sides to utter them is to change history. Between
- Syria and Israel, the game turns on an after-you-Alphonse test
- of who will speak the key words first. Before Israel will agree
- to withdraw from the strategic Golan Heights it captured from
- Syria in 1967, Jerusalem must first hear "full peace" and "normal
- relations" from Syria. Before Syria will say those words, it
- wants to hear from Israel "complete withdrawal."
- </p>
- <p> Bill Clinton believes that stalemate was broken last week in
- Geneva after he met for more than five hours with Syrian President
- Hafez Assad. Speaking to the press afterward, Assad declared,
- "We want a genuine peace which secures the interests of all
- sides and renders to all their rights. If the leaders of Israel
- have sufficient courage to respond to this kind of peace, the
- new era of normal, peaceful relations among all shall dawn."
- As he flew home, Clinton insisted that Assad's statement was
- a significant step forward. "I think he has reached a conclusion
- that it is in the interest of his people, his administration
- and his legacy to make a meaningful and lasting peace," said
- Clinton. "I believe that."
- </p>
- <p> The words offered a hint of progress as Israel and Syria go
- back to the bargaining table in Washington this week, where
- more than two years of on-again, off-again negotiations have
- made little headway. And the language bought Assad a thaw in
- his relations with the U.S., which has been his No. 1 priority
- ever since the Soviet Union imploded and he could no longer
- count on Moscow to be his primary patron. To salvage his flattened
- economy, Assad needs aid and trade from the West. In a sense,
- said a U.S. official, "he's less interested in peace with Israel
- than in peace with us."
- </p>
- <p> That perception was not lost in Jerusalem. Already torn over
- the wisdom of engaging in a negotiation that will require Israel
- to give up most or all of the Golan Heights at a time when Israelis
- are still digesting territorial concessions to the Palestinians,
- the government of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin was looking for
- a bolder, plainer statement of Syrian intentions. The usually
- optimistic Foreign Minister, Shimon Peres, found the public
- remarks "too positive to be disappointing, but too general to
- be satisfactory."
- </p>
- <p> Israelis heard Assad say a word they've been waiting to hear--normal--then refuse to define it. They fear they will end
- up giving away strategically crucial territory in return for
- little more than a cold cessation of hostilities. Officials
- read heavy meaning into Syria's initial refusal to admit Israeli
- journalists to the Geneva press conference. Even after Clinton
- sent two emissaries to Jerusalem to explain his belief that
- Assad's "normal" actually meant the open borders, tourism, free
- trade and diplomatic relations Israel seeks, Rabin was unconvinced.
- "The Americans were stretching things to try to convince themselves
- and us that Assad was developing some new thinking," said a
- Rabin adviser.
- </p>
- <p> Rabin was also deeply concerned that Assad had offered no new
- assurances about security arrangements if Israel does withdraw
- from the Golan Heights. Rising in a steep escarpment to a height
- of 2,970 ft. on the Syrian-Israeli border, the Golan commands
- all the low ground that constitutes northern Israel. Syria repeatedly
- shelled Israeli kibbutzim from the Heights in the 1960s. Not
- a shot has been fired there since Henry Kissinger brokered a
- troop-separation accord in 1974, but poised on both sides are
- thousands of tanks, a bristling reminder of the state of war
- that has existed between Syria and Israel since 1948.
- </p>
- <p> Despite his unease with Assad's vague linguistics, a realistic
- Rabin has put Israelis on notice that an agreement on the Golan
- is coming nearer--and they're not sure they like it. The 13,000
- settlers who live on the Heights, supported by many other Israelis,
- have mounted noisy protests denouncing Rabin's plans to give
- back territory. In the hours after the Geneva meeting, Rabin
- felt he needed to defuse a fresh outcry and abruptly called
- for a referendum on the future of the Golan. Whether or not
- a plebiscite would ever be accepted by Syrians--or Israelis--Rabin's gambit had the immediate effect of cooling off his
- opponents. It also sent a powerful message to Assad: It will
- not be a simple matter for Israel to turn over the Golan without
- Assad's doing much more to convince an anxious public that he
- truly wants peace.
- </p>
- <p> Assad's performance in Geneva may help speed talks between Israel
- and the Palestine Liberation Organization on bringing Palestinian
- rule to Jericho and the Gaza Strip. Peres and P.L.O. Chairman
- Yasser Arafat were due to meet again at the end of last week
- in Norway. And if Syria is back on track, Jordan cannot be far
- behind. Clinton, Assad and Rabin do agree on one point: they
- would like 1994 to be the year for a breakthrough on peace in
- the whole Middle East.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-